Which mechanism has Mexico implemented to address corruption in public institutions?

Which mechanism has Mexico implemented to address corruption in public institutions?

• A. Anti-corruption laws and oversight mechanisms
• B. Expanding reliance on private sector self-regulation without public oversight
• C. Eliminating independent agencies
• D. Relying solely on international intervention

Answer: (A)

Addressing corruption in public institutions is achieved through a framework of anti-corruption laws and independent oversight. Mexico has implemented a set of legal rules and institutions designed to prevent, detect, and punish misconduct, and to ensure transparency and accountability across all levels of government. Since the mid-2010s, reforms created a coordinated national system that defines prohibited conduct, establishes procedures for investigations and sanctions, and assigns public bodies to monitor compliance and enforce rules. This approach relies on formal laws plus autonomous agencies to supervise government actions, audit public accounts, and promote openness.

The other options don’t fit this approach. Relying more on private sector self-regulation without public oversight would weaken accountability, eliminating independent agencies would remove crucial checks and balances, and depending only on international intervention cannot substitute for domestic enforcement and ongoing oversight.